|
Differential characteristics of heroin addicts with different psychopathological syndromes at the initiation of their treatment |
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| Depressive-anxious (Group 1), n = 506 |
Psychomotor excitement (group 2), n = 421 |
Psychotic state (group 3), n = 163 |
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|
|
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| M ± (sd) |
Mean (sd) |
Mean (sd) |
T/F |
p Value |
Contrast between groups |
|
|
|
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| Age |
29.30 ± 6.7 |
29.47 ± 6.2 |
29.46 ± 5.8 |
0.92 |
0.91 |
|
| Age of first contact |
18.49 ± 3.7 |
18.78 ± 3.8 |
17.80 ± 3.9 |
3.88 |
0.02 |
2 ≠ 3 |
| Age of onset of dependence |
20.75 ± 4.1 |
21.46 ± 4.9 |
19.90 ± 4.3 |
7.67 |
<0.001 |
2 ≠ 3 |
| Duration of dependence |
85.49 ± 69.9 |
79.38 ± 64.8 |
90.80 ± 70.3 |
1.90 |
0.14 |
|
| Age fist therapeutic contact |
25.60 ± 5.2 |
25.16 ± 5.2 |
24.64 ± 5.2 |
2.25 |
0.15 |
|
| No of physical complaints |
1.13 ± 0.9 |
1.57 ± 0.8 |
2.06 ± 0.9 |
29.80 |
<0.001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| No of abused substances |
2.29 ± 1.7 |
3.32 ± 1.6 |
3.75 ± 1.6 |
67.78 |
<0.001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| No of past treatments |
1.07 ± 0.9 |
1.08 ± 0.8 |
2.10 ± 0.9 |
52.07 |
<0.001 |
1 ≠ 2 = 3 |
|
|
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| n (%) |
n (%) |
n (%) |
Chi-square |
p Value |
Contrast |
|
|
|
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| Gender (Males) |
392 (77.5) |
317 (75.3) |
122 (74.8) |
0.80 |
0.66 |
|
| Civil Status (single) |
329 (65.0) |
282 (67.0) |
93 (57.1) |
5.14 |
0.07 |
|
| Educational level (low) |
390 (77.1) |
267 (63.4) |
114 (69.9) |
20.70 |
0.00003 |
1 ≠ 2 = 3 |
| Income (poor) |
59 (11.7) |
88 (20.9) |
25 (21.5) |
17.25 |
0.00018 |
1 ≠ 2 = 3 |
| Heroin intake (daily) |
417 (82.4) |
310 (73.6) |
125 (76.7) |
10.61 |
0.0049 |
1 ≠ 2 = 3 |
| Modality of use (stables) |
361 (71.3) |
231 (54.9) |
69 (42.3) |
53.05 |
<0.00001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Phase (revolving door) |
402 (79.4) |
306 (72.7) |
117 (71.8) |
7.30 |
0.02 |
1 ≠ 2 = 3 |
| Concurrent use of alcohol |
116 (22.9) |
168 (39.9) |
85 (52.1) |
58.23 |
<0.00001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Concurrent use of BDZ |
85 (16.1) |
151 (35.9) |
65 (39.9) |
56.2 |
<0.00001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Concurrent use of Cocaine |
177 (35.0) |
208 (49.4) |
101 (62.0) |
42.7 |
<0.00001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Concurrent use of THC |
250 (49.4) |
306 (72.7) |
129 (79.1) |
75.1 |
<0.00001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Job issues |
299 (59.1) |
255 (60.6) |
105 (64.4) |
1.40 |
0.48 |
|
| Household issues |
262 (51.8) |
198 (47.0) |
100 (61.3) |
9.7 |
0.007 |
2 ≠ 3 = 1 |
| Sexual issues |
270 (53.4) |
162 (38.5) |
64 (39.3) |
23.52 |
0.0001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
| Social\leisure issues |
298 (58.9) |
205 (48.7) |
97 (59.5) |
11.20 |
0.003 |
3 = 1 ≠ 2 |
| Legal issues |
158 (31.2) |
147 (34.9) |
81 (49.7) |
18.45 |
0.0001 |
2 = 1 ≠ 3 |
| Double diagnosis (presence) |
65 (12.8) |
377 (89.5) |
138 (84.7) |
619.18 |
<0.0001 |
1 ≠ 2 ≠ 3 |
Maremmani et al. Annals of General Psychiatry 2007 6:31 doi:10.1186/1744-859X-6-31 |
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