Table 1 |
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|
Clinical characteristics of panic disorder patients with and without comorbid bipolar disorder |
||||
| PD (n = 274) |
PD+BD (n = 52) |
F/chi-square |
p Value |
|
|
|
||||
| Age, mean (SD) |
36.7 (11.5) |
35.1 (11.6) |
-0.9 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Sex, female, n (%) |
191 (69.7) |
31 (59.6) |
2.0 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Agoraphobia, n (%) |
219 (79.9) |
44 (84.6) |
0.06 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| First degree family history, n (%): |
||||
|
|
||||
| Mood disorders |
83 (30.3) |
23 (44.2) |
3.9 |
0.05 |
|
|
||||
| Substance abuse |
10 (3.7) |
3 (5.8) |
0.5 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Panic-agoraphobic disorder |
110 (40.1) |
33 (63.5) |
9.6 |
0.002 |
|
|
||||
| Age at onset, mean (SD) |
29.9 (10.5) |
26.0 (11.0) |
-2.5 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Length of illness in months, mean (SD) |
87.2 (128.4) |
117.4 (159.4) |
1.5 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Life-up scores at baseline, mean (SD): |
||||
|
|
||||
| Panic disorder |
3.4 (1.0) |
3.2 (0.8) |
-0.9 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Agoraphobia |
3.0 (1.2) |
3.0 (1.0) |
0.2 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| General adjustment (GAS) |
69.8 (11.1) |
68.3 (9.8) |
-0.9 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Lifetime comorbidity, n (%): |
||||
|
|
||||
| Major depression |
91 (33.2) |
- |
||
|
|
||||
| Generalized anxiety |
46 (16.8) |
12 (23.1) |
1.2 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Social phobia |
21 (7.7) |
9 (17.3) |
4.9 |
0.03 |
|
|
||||
| Obsessive-compulsive |
20 (7.3) |
11 (21.1) |
9.7 |
0.002. |
|
|
||||
| Alcohol-related disorders |
16 (5.8) |
9 (17.3) |
8.1 |
0.004. |
|
|
||||
| Separation anxiety |
85 (31.0) |
24 (46.1) |
4.5 |
0.03 |
|
|
||||
| Personality disorders, n (%): |
||||
|
|
||||
| Avoidant |
64 (23.4) |
16 (30.8) |
1.3 |
NS |
|
|
||||
| Dependent |
37 (13.5) |
7 (13.5) |
0.000 |
NS |
|
BP, bipolar disorder; GAS, Global Adjustment Score; NS, not significant; PD, panic disorder. | ||||
Toni et al. Annals of General Psychiatry 2008 7:23 doi:10.1186/1744-859X-7-23 |
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